Free cash flow remains highly volatile, swinging from a 48.9% margin in 2024Q1 to a -72.5% margin in 2025Q4, largely due to significant fluctuations in working capital.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 3.94M | 4.59M | 1.26M | 6.68M | -2.69M | -125.74K | 2.25M | -1.43M | 1.83M | 2.65M | 1.75M | 1.74M | -346.69K | 2.28M | 44.62K | -100.88K | 1.26M | 375.18K | 155.45K | -92.32K | -661.05K | -1.42M | -878.08K | -829.44K | -245.53K | -689.28K | -300.3K | -169.41K |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 20.48% | 4.77% | 17.23% | -9.52% | -0.51% | 11.76% | -7.65% | 10.11% | 16.05% | 11.21% | 13.06% | -3.52% | 23.19% | 0.51% | -1.28% | 19.18% | 8.14% | 5.35% | -4.11% | -35.02% | -145.2% | -66.11% | -84.25% | -10.77% | -27.98% | -73243.17% | -3119.39% |
| Operating CF Growth % | -832.22% | 264.92% | -81.19% | 348.12% | -2041.95% | -105.6% | 256.78% | -178.35% | -31.07% | 51.13% | 0.69% | 602.71% | -115.22% | 5003.92% | 144.23% | -107.97% | 237.17% | 141.35% | 268.38% | 86.03% | 53.42% | -61.61% | -5.86% | -237.81% | 64.38% | -129.53% | -77.26% | - |
| Net Income | -2.33M | 258.45K | 1.36M | 9.15M | 1.96M | 2.54M | 1.48M | -75.28K | 818.09K | 3.26M | 2.05M | 1.54M | 1.26M | 1.58M | 113.4K | -692.76K | 1.02M | 1.42M | 9.25M | -1.12M | -1.47M | -2M | 1.57M | -1.59M | -2.69M | -2.95M | -190.27K | -361.88K |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 2.43M | 1.76M | 1.42M | 1.42M | 1.3M | 899.28K | 676.5K | 591.94K | 291.86K | 270.88K | 192.6K | 184.85K | 192.15K | 218.06K | 227.49K | 202.69K | 652.88K | 535K | 40.51K | 187.65K | 258.14K | 569.58K | 100.47K | 911.43K | 547.19K | 1.13M | 20.9K | 5.36K |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 235.35K | 140.98K | 777.09K | 75.04K | 456.17K | 223.72K | 0 | 38.35K | 7.12K | 167.47K | 181.79K | 118.33K | 95.58K | 111.55K | 120.13K | 115.51K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | -253.44K | -539.89K | 34.58K | -1.39M | -564.53K | 217.77K | -100K | 608K | 310.18K | 613.24K | 0 | 0 | -95.58K | -111.55K | -120.13K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Non-Cash Items | -415.82K | 168.22K | -6.54K | 716.11K | 564.53K | -1.33M | 1.13M | -507.43K | -55.25K | 160.05K | 344.82K | -136.58K | 95.58K | 111.55K | 120.13K | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1.03M | 1.04M | -71.37K | -432.57K | -3.44M | 128.61K | 1.61M | 347.6K | 214.95K | -64.83K |
| Working Capital Changes | 4.28M | 2.8M | -2.33M | -3.29M | -6.4M | -2.68M | -940.38K | -2.09M | 456.07K | -1.82M | -1.01M | 39.26K | -1.9M | 366.78K | -416.4K | 273.68K | -407.75K | -1.57M | -8.11M | -191.99K | 625.71K | 438.97K | 893.14K | -279.36K | 293.49K | 790.42K | -345.87K | 251.94K |
| Change in Receivables | 5.27M | 3.71M | 7.17M | -7.4M | -2.65M | -1.06M | -891.61K | -1.01M | -219.14K | 1.77M | -898.71K | -735.76K | -823.5K | -323.94K | -97.22K | -51.65K | 0 | 0 | 0 | -207.81K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Inventory | 619.11K | 1.52M | -2.18M | -2.81M | -4.58M | -1.5M | -2.29M | -337.41K | 108.44K | -400.49K | -417.3K | -199.81K | -295.39K | -37.41K | 434.53K | 197.07K | -179.43K | 0 | 0 | -1.35M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Payables | 312.5K | -429K | -5.61M | 3.81M | 0 | 0 | 394.19K | -108.88K | 303.39K | 92.93K | -240.4K | 403.46K | -212.43K | 364.13K | 3.43K | -3.03K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.38M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -3.45M | -3.78M | -1.85M | -1.13M | -3.34M | -3.74M | 1.85M | 699.16K | -3.78M | -133.83K | -830.33K | -332.95K | -99.54K | -66.19K | -40.68K | -293K | -1.1M | -565.49K | -47.63K | 42.74K | 93.88K | 3.29K | -279.82K | 21.18K | -52.21K | -53.76K | -18.98K | -41.24K |
| Capital Expenditures | -1.18M | -1.52M | -1.85M | -1.13M | -3.22M | -3.45M | -62.01K | -879.48K | -292.83K | -133.83K | -309.54K | -332.95K | -99.54K | -66.19K | -40.68K | -293K | -1.26M | -565.49K | -47.63K | -12.52K | -11.87K | -14.54K | -83.75K | -98.82K | -52.21K | -88.66K | -18.98K | -41.24K |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 6.32% | 6.76% | 7% | 2.91% | 11.38% | 14.11% | 0.32% | 4.7% | 1.62% | 0.81% | 1.98% | 2.5% | 1.01% | 0.67% | 0.46% | 3.73% | 19.1% | 12.26% | 1.64% | 0.56% | 0.63% | 1.49% | 6.31% | 10.04% | 2.29% | 3.6% | 4629.02% | 759.29% |
| Acquisitions | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 226.08K | 3.49M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | -2.27M | -2.27M | 0 | 0 | -120.02K | -287.11K | 0 | -222.44K | -3.49M | 0 | -185.45K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 161.94K | 0 | 0 | 55.27K | 105.75K | 17.83K | -196.06K | 120K | 0 | 34.9K | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Financing | -255.09K | -253.45K | -220.71K | -188.18K | -190.42K | 16.73M | 1.33M | -352.1K | -625.31K | -1.14M | -537.99K | -5.6K | 0 | -224.13K | 224.13K | -2.98K | 258.5K | 198.34K | -22.5K | -25K | 657.62K | 1.26M | 1.24M | 790.68K | 396.19K | 736.9K | 309.85K | 220.55K |
| Debt Issued (Net) | -255.09K | -253.45K | -240.86K | -243.08K | -231.26K | -78.21K | 1.33M | -11.25K | -11.25K | -11.25K | 0 | 0 | 0 | -224.13K | 224.13K | 0 | 0 | 0 | -22.5K | -100K | -182.16K | 1.18M | -826 | 811.45K | 396.19K | 627.02K | 245K | 85.55K |
| Equity Issued (Net) | 0 | 0 | 20.15K | 54.9K | 0 | 16.8M | -1.02K | -318.2K | -381.94K | -112.11K | 0 | -5.6K | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2.98K | 258.5K | 198.34K | -22.5K | 75K | 839.78K | 76.14K | 1.24M | 0 | 0 | 82.28K | 64.85K | 0 |
| Dividends Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Share Repurchases | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -31.18K | -318.2K | -381.94K | -112.11K | -554.34K | -5.6K | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2.98K | -221.38K | -127.16K | -22.5K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Financing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 40.84K | 11.32K | 0 | -22.65K | -232.13K | -1.02M | -537.99K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22.5K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -20.76K | 0 | 27.6K | 0 | 135K |
| Net Change in Cash | 237.55K | 553.77K | -809.01K | 5.37M | -6.22M | 12.87M | 5.43M | -1.09M | -2.58M | 1.38M | 386.56K | 1.4M | -446.23K | 1.99M | 228.07K | -396.86K | 425.75K | 8.02K | 85.31K | -74.58K | 90.46K | -159.8K | 79.7K | -17.57K | 396.19K | 736.9K | -9.43K | 9.9K |
| Free Cash Flow | 492.63K | 3.07M | -588.31K | 5.55M | -6.03M | -3.86M | 2.25M | -2.31M | 1.54M | 2.52M | 1.45M | 1.41M | -446.23K | 2.21M | 3.93K | -393.88K | 5.3K | -190.32K | 107.81K | -104.84K | -672.91K | -1.43M | -961.84K | -928.26K | -297.75K | -777.93K | -319.28K | -210.65K |
| FCF Margin % | 2.63% | 13.72% | -2.23% | 14.32% | -21.32% | -15.8% | 11.76% | -12.35% | 8.49% | 15.24% | 9.23% | 10.57% | -4.53% | 22.52% | 0.04% | -5.01% | 0.08% | -4.13% | 3.71% | -4.67% | -35.65% | -146.68% | -72.42% | -94.29% | -13.06% | -31.58% | -77872.2% | -3878.68% |
| FCF Growth % | 110.85% | 622.29% | -110.59% | 192.04% | -56.27% | -271.96% | 197.14% | -250.58% | -39.04% | 74.23% | 2.51% | 415.96% | -120.18% | 56115.89% | 101% | -7530.22% | 102.79% | -276.53% | 202.83% | 84.42% | 53.06% | -49.05% | -3.62% | -211.76% | 61.73% | -143.66% | -51.57% | - |
| FCF per Share | 0.04 | 0.27 | -0.05 | 0.51 | -0.55 | -0.38 | 0.29 | -0.30 | 0.19 | 0.32 | 0.18 | 0.18 | -0.06 | 0.28 | 0.00 | -0.05 | 0.00 | -0.03 | 0.02 | -0.02 | -0.17 | -0.46 | -0.37 | -0.44 | -0.17 | -0.49 | -0.50 | -0.39 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | -0.21x | 17.75x | 0.92x | 0.73x | -1.38x | -0.05x | 1.52x | 19.03x | 2.23x | 0.81x | 0.86x | 1.13x | -0.27x | 1.44x | 0.39x | 0.15x | 1.24x | 0.27x | 0.02x | 0.08x | 0.45x | 0.71x | -0.56x | 0.52x | 0.09x | 0.23x | 1.58x | 0.47x |
| Interest Paid | 59.44K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 128.51K | 85.7K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 325.46K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 108.78K | 99.03K | 0 | -161.28K | 10.07K | 78K | 102.75K | 19.56K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Lumpy government procurement cycles
As reported in recent financial filings, VirTra's operating cash flow frequently decouples from net income, evidenced by the extreme OCF/NI ratio of 34.12 in 2025Q2, which suggests that reported earnings are a poor proxy for the actual cash-generating capacity of the underlying business model.
The wide variance between net income and operating cash flow indicates that accrual-based accounting significantly obscures the timing of cash receipts from government contracts. Investors should monitor this volatility, as it suggests that the company's cash position is highly sensitive to the timing of milestone payments rather than consistent operational performance.
Based on the provided cash flow data, VirTra's free cash flow trajectory remains highly erratic, swinging from a peak margin of 48.9% in 2024Q1 to a low of -72.5% in 2025Q4, highlighting the inherent instability of a project-based revenue model in the defense simulation sector.
The inability to maintain consistent positive free cash flow suggests that the company's current scale is insufficient to absorb the lumpy nature of its procurement cycles. This inconsistency warrants further investigation into whether the transition to subscription-based models will eventually smooth these cash flow swings or if the high fixed-cost base will continue to pressure liquidity.
According to historical cash flow statements, working capital fluctuations are the primary determinant of quarterly cash flow, with a massive $5.1M inflow in 2025Q2 followed by a $1.6M outflow in 2025Q4, illustrating the company's reliance on managing receivables and inventory to fund operations.
The significant swings in working capital suggest that VirTra is effectively acting as a bank for its municipal clients, with cash flow heavily dependent on the timing of large-scale contract completions. This dynamic implies that the company's liquidity is vulnerable to administrative delays in government payment processing.
As reported in financial statements, VirTra's capital expenditure remains relatively modest, with CapEx/Revenue ratios fluctuating between 1.0% and 21.2%, suggesting that the company is not currently burdened by heavy maintenance requirements but must balance growth investments against a contracting top-line environment.
The variability in capital intensity appears to correlate with the timing of hardware deployments, indicating that the company's asset base is tied closely to specific project wins. Analysts should monitor whether future CapEx remains focused on maintenance or if the company will need to increase spending to support the V-VICTA content library.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying VTSI stock.
VirTra, Inc. (VTSI) generated $4.6M in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
VirTra, Inc. (VTSI) generated $3.1M in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
VirTra, Inc. (VTSI) spent $1.5M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.